Woodworking machinery



Patented Nov. 20, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,692,230 PATENT" orrlzcizi.

WALLACE w. STODIDARD, or BINGHAM, MAINE, Ass'rGN-on 'ro UNITED snnnx &: FINn mes COMPANY, 013 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS; A coRron'ArrIoN or MAs'sfAonm SETTS.

WOODWORKI'NG MACHINERY.

Application filed January 4,- 1923. Serial No. 610,588.

This invention relates to wood working machinery and is illustrated as embodied in a machine for preparing bolts of wood for treatment in machines for making wood shanks.

In making wood shanks it is desirable to have the stock in the form of short cylindrical bolts of wood each of which has a centering recess extending axially a shortdistance from one end. It is; a general object of the present invention to provide simplified and improved means for operating upon rough and unfinished bolts of wood to. turn them down to smooth cylindrical bolts of a desired size.

WVith this object in view, one feature ofthe present invention consists in the provision, in a wood working machine, of a swinging frame movable toward and from a wood working tool, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the swinging frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a belt of wood, a'drill movable axially of the bolt of wood to form a centering recess in the bolt while the bolt is being operated upon by said tool, and means car-riled by the swinging frame for advancing the drill into the bolt and retracting it therefrom.

In the illustrated embodiment of the machine the head stock is rotated by power but the drill is prevented from rotating, and thecentering recess in the bolt of Wood is formed by yieldingly urging the non-rotatable drill into the rotating work. Also, as herein illustrated, fluid means is employed for bringingabout relative movement of the head and tail stocks to cause them to grasp the work, and

' for advancing the drill against the work.

Other features of my invention, lncludingvarious novel combinations and improved constructions, will be apparent from the'following description of an illustrative emhodi= ment of my invention shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view, partlybroken away, showing the front and one end of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view, with one of the gears broken away, showing the rear of the machlne and a dliferent view-ofthe endwhich' Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the cylim' ders and pistons for operating the tail stock and the drill.

The illustrated machine for treating bolts of wood, comprises a' suitable supporting frame on which is mounted a dusthoodor casing 12., in the upper end ofwhich is mounted-a cutter 14. The cutter 14 comprises a generally cylindrical cutter head carrying knives 16-, the; total length of these knives being substantially greater than the length of the boltswhich are to: be operated upon thereby insuringthe removal of'bark: from the bolts and thetruein-g of each bolt into cylincal. form throughout. itsfull: length- The. outter 14 is carried by a shaft'mounted in ball bearings. 18 and 205 the Shaftb ng driven bya motor 22. The armature shaftof the motor and the shaft carrying the cutter 14 are substantially in alinementwith one another and are directly connected by? a connection 24.

Pivotally mounted on across shaft 26 carried by frame 16 is a swinging frame 281comprising side frame members 36 and" 32. con-.

nected by a cross brace 34. Journaled in the frame member 32- is a shaft carrying asprooket or gear 36; and a headstock 38. which is arranged to engage and support one endof a bolt. of wood. The other end ofthe bolt of wood is, engaged and supported by a tail stock operated by a sliding plunger'40 con-r nectedby a link 42 to a lever 44=fulcrumedat 46 on a part: of frame member Lever 44 in turn is; connected by a link 48 with a. plunger 50 mounted for sliding movement in the frame member 3:0. and operated by com; pressed air in a cylinder 52. The cylinder. 52 is securedto the cross brace 34 and operates a piston 51 (Fig. 4) mounted on'the end of the plunger 50 against-the resistance of a coiled. return spring 53.

Head stock 88 is'arranged to be rotatedsby gearing which includesv a'sprocketchain 54 engaging the sprocket or gear 36 and operated by a secondsprocket 56 rotatably mounted on shaft-26 and driven bya third sprocket 58. Sprocket 58 in turn is operated by a sprocket chain 60 engaging a sprocket 62 on a shaft 64 atthe back-ofth-e machine. gear 66 is loosely mounted on shaft 64 and is arranged to be connected thereto to operate head stock 38by means of a clutch 68 of any desired type, as for example a Hortorfi clutch. Clutches of this character are wellknown, onebei-ng shown in Patent No. 260,394,- I-Iorton, and a detailed description of the clutch is, therefore, not considered necessary. Clutch 68 is operated by the usualclutch controlling lever=70 which is connected-by a chain 72 to frame member 30. By this arrange ment, when frame 28 is swung forward to present a bolt of wood to cutter 14, chain 72 is slackened and allows lever 7 0 to swing to its operative position so that gear 66 is connected to shaft 64 and operates through the above described gearing to rotate head stock 38 to turn the worlr with respect to the cutter. Gear 66 is driven by an intermeshing gear 74 on a second cross shaft 76 which carries a pulley 7 8 which can be belted to any suitable source of power.

Tn order to form the centering recess in the belt, a. non-rotatable drill 80 is arranged to slide axially through an opening 82 in head steel: 38 to be urged against one end of the work so that the rotation of the work will cause the drill to form such a centering recess. Drill 80 is arranged to be moved toward and from the work by a lever 82 fulcrumed at 84 on frame member 32 and operated by a plunger 86 arranged for sliding movement in frame member 32. Plunger 86 is operated by admission of compressed air into a cylinder 88 (Fig. 4) the air acting against a piston 87 carried by plunger 86 against the rcsistance of a suitable spring 89. It will be seen that the spring 89 serves as a separate and independent means for withdrawing the drill 80 from the bolt upon completion of the rccessing operation. Cylinders 52 and 88 are secured to the lower side of the cross bracing member 34 and consequently swing with the frame 28 and are locatedclose to the axis'of oscillation of the frame so that their weight will not interfere with convenient manipulation of the frame. The cylinders 52 and 88 may be controlled by a single valve so that they operate simultaneously to advance and retract the tail stoclrand the drill. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention the cylinder 88 is made somewhat smaller than cylinder. 52 and its return spring is son'iewhat heavier than'the return spring of cylinder 52 so that the tail stock operated by plunger 40 moves more rapidly than drill 80 and, consequently if the work is located at equal distances from the headstock and the tail stock and also if the drill is occupying its normal position within the head stock, the drill will not engage the work until it has been grasped firmly bet-ween the head and tail stocks as above described.

As the bolts of wood are rather heavy to be held accurately by an operator in position to' be grasped by the head and tail stocks, I find it desirable to provide a support 90 formed with projections 92 for centering a bolt of wood and arranged below the head and tail stocks in their outermost or in poretive position. The support 90 is arranged. to beoperated by compressed air in a cylinder 94 operating against a piston 96 against the resistance of a return spring 98. The piston 96 is carried on a sliding plunger 100 cone Leeaeso nected to the support 90 and the support is guided in its up and down movements by plungers 102 sliding in suitable sleeves 104 formed at opposite sides of cylinder 94.

By the above described arrangement, support 90 and its operating connections constitute a hoist which can be accurately controlled by the operator through a suitable valve (not shown) to lift a bolt of wood into position to be grasped between the head and tail stocks. The valve is operated to exhaust cylinder 94 when the work has been grasped between the head and tail stocks and before the frame is swung forward to an operative position so that the hoist will not interfere with the movement of frame 28. i i

The arrangement of the piston and return spring in each of the cylinders 52 and 88 is shown in Fig. 4. The valves controlling the admission of compressed air to these cylinders, and to the cylinder 94, and the opening of the cylinders to allow the air to exhaust, may be of any usual and well known type and it is, therefore, not considered necessary that they should be specifically illustrated and described.

The frame 28 is swung toward and from cutter 14 by a hand lever 106 pivoted at 108 in the frame member 80. The lever 106 is in the form of a bell crank lever connected by a link 110 pivoted to the bracket 112 which carries bearing 18. g

In operation the cutter 14 is constantly driven by motor 22 and the gear 66 is con stantly driven from pulley 78. The frame being in its outermost or inoperative position, the operator places a rough bolt of wood on support 90, where it will be centered by projections 92, and operates the control valve to lift the bolt until it is centered between the head and tail stocks as accurately as is possible in view of its irregular shape. He then operates the valve which admits compressed air into cylinders 52 and 88 to cause the bolt of wood to be grasped at its ends by the head and tail stocks and to cause the drill 80 to be urged yieldingly through the head stock against the end of the bolt whereupon the valve which controls the hoist is operated to allow the support 90 to be lowered out of the way by its spring 98.

The operator now grasps the lever 106 and pulls it toward him to swing the frame 28 toward cutter 14 until that part of the bolt of wood which is of the greatestdiameter is just in engagement with the cutter. This swinging movement operates through chain 72 to connect gear 66 to shaft 64 through clutch68- so that head stock 38 is rotated to turn the bolt of wood about its axis. The operator then slowly pulls the lever 106 toward him until the bolt of wood has'been trued up into cylindrical form, as shown in Fig. 3, by the removal of all the bark and waste stock extending beyond the surface of j a centering recess 114 axially of the bolt.

ill

The swinging frame 28 is then swung back to its outermost position by raising lever 106 and the valve controlling cylinders 52 and 88 is opened, whereupon the return springs in these cylinders operate to return the tail stock and the drill'to their original positions, and the prepared bolt may be removed by the operator.

lVhile one embodiment of my invention has been illustrated and described, it is not my intention to limit its scope thereby or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims. lVhile I find it desirable to employ all of the above described features of the invention, several of them are capable of use independently of the others with good results and some of them are capable of use in wood working machinery of other types than the type of machine described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A wood working machine comprising, in combination, a cutter, a frame movable toward and from the cutter, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a bolt of wood, a drill constructed and arranged to operate axially of the bolt of wood, means for advancing the tail stock and the drill, a

spring for returning the tail stock, and a stronger spring for returning the drill.

2. A wood working machine comprising, in combination, a wood working tool, a swinging frame movable toward and from said tool, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a bolt of wood, a drill movable axially of the bolt of wood to form a centering recess therein while it is being operated on by said tool, and means carried by the swinging frame for advancing the drill into the bolt and retracting it therefrom.

3. A wood working machine comprising, in combination, a wood working tool, an upright swinging frame movable toward and from said tool, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a bolt of wood, means for rotating one of said stocks to turn the bolt of wood with respect to the tool, a drill movable axially through one of the stocks to form a centering recess in the bolt of wood while it is being operated on by the tool, and means for moving the drill including a fluid pressure cylinder carried by the swinging frame and located close to the axis of swinging movement.

4. A wood working machine comprising,

in combination, a wood working tool, a frame movable toward and from said tool, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a bolt of wood, means for rotating one of said stocks to turn, the bolt of woodwith respect to the tool, a non-rotatable drill yieldingly urged axially through one of the stocks to form a: centering recess in the bolt of wood by reason of its turning movement, .and a spring for withdrawing the drill from the bolt. 7

5. A wood working machine comprising, in combination, a Wood working tool, a swinging frame movable toward and from said tool, relatively movable head and tail stocks carried by the frame and arranged to grasp by its ends a bolt of wood, a drill movable axially through one of said stocksto forma centering recess in the bolt of Wood while it is being operated on by said tool, two cylinders mounted on the frame for movement therewith, pistons in said cylinders arranged to be vieldingl" actuated in opposite directions by admission of fluid to the cylinders, and levers fulcrumed on said frame and arranged to be operated by the cylinders and to operate the drill and to move the tail stock.

6. A wood working machine comprising, in combination, ahead stock and a tail stock arranged for axial movement with respect to the head stock to 00-0 erate therewith in grasping a bolt of wood 'y its ends, a drill movable axially through the head stock into engagement with the bolt of wood. and fluid. operated means for yieldingly advancing the tail stock and the drill and for operating the tail stock more rapidly than the drill so that the drill does not engage the bolt of wood until it has been grasped betweenlthe head and tail stocks.

7. A wood working machine comprising. in combination, a wood working tool, a swinging frame movable toward and from the tool, a head stock carried by the frame, a tail. stock movable on the frame to co-operate with the head stock in grasping a bolt of wood by its ends, a drill movable axially through the head stock to form a centering recess in the bolt of wood while it is being operated on by said tool, sliding plungers mounted for movement in the frame and connected respectively to the tail stock and the drill, and power means comprising fluid pressure cylinders carried by the frame for moving the plungers simultaneously in opposite directions yieldingly to arrange the tail stock and the drill against opposite ends of the bolt of wood.

8. A wood working machine comprising, in

combination, a. frame, a cross shaft, a swinging frame member pivotally mounted on the shaft, a head stock carried by said frame member, a second frame member pivotally mounted on the shaft, a tail stock carried thereby to co-operate with the head stock in grasping a bolt of wood at its ends, a cross bar connecting said frame members to swing in unison, a rotary cutter to operate on the bolt of wood, means for driving the cutter, mechanism for swinging the frame members toward and from the cutter, a drill movable axially through the head stock to form a centering recess in the bolt of Wood while it is being operated upon by the cutter, sliding pistons connected respectively with the tail stock and the drill, power means comprising fluid pressure cylinders for moving the pistons simultaneously in opposite directions WALLACE WV. STODDARD.

HMM 

